Frank J. Owens, PhD, is a Senior Research Scientist of the U.S. Army's Armament Research, Development, and Engineering Center, and a Professor of Physics in the graduate school of Hunter College of the City University of New York.

Charles P. Poole Jr., PhD, is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of South Carolina and is a member of the USC Nanotechnology Center. Both authors are Fellows of the American Physical Society.