This book discusses the fundamental processes at work in mechanical catalysis, the origin of its general and physical features, the way it has evolved in many enzymes, and how it relates to catalysis in man-made systems.  It ties together the thirty-plus existing theories of enzymatic catalysis, covers design issues in the creation of biomimetic catalysts (including requirements, problems, approaches, and solutions), explains the difference between energy- and time-dependent catalysis, and interfaces with the hot ideas of complexity and complex systems science. This book has large implications and could revolutionize our understanding of catalysis.