1.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

1.2 CHROMOPHORES

1.3 DEGREE OF UNSATURATION

1.4 CONNECTIVITY

1.5 SENSITIVITY

1.6 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS

2 ULTRAVIOLET (UV) SPECTROSCOPY

2.1 BASIC INSTRUMENTATION

2.2 THE NATURE OF ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY

2.3 QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY

2.4 CLASSIFICATION OF UV ABSORPTION BANDS

2.5 SPECIAL TERMS IN ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY

2.6 IMPORTANT UV CHROMOPHORES

2.7 THE EFFECT OF SOLVENTS

3 INFRARED (IR) SPECTROSCOPY

3.1 ABSORPTION RANGE AND THE NATURE OF IR ABSORPTION

3.2 EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS OF INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

3.3 GENERAL FEATURES OF INFRARED SPECTRA

3.4 IMPORTANT IR CHROMOPHORES

4 MASS SPECTROMETRY

4.1 IONIZATION PROCESSES

4.2 INSTRUMENTATION

4.3 MASS SPECTRAL DATA

4.4 REPRESENTATION OF FRAGMENTATION PROCESSES

4.5 FACTORS GOVERNING FRAGMENTATION PROCESSES

4.6 EXAMPLES OF COMMON TYPES OF FRAGMENTATION

5 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) SPECTROSCOPY

5.1 THE PHYSICS OF NUCLEAR SPINS AND NMR INSTRUMENTS

5.2 CONTINUOUS WAVE (CW) NMR SPECTROSCOPY

5.3 FOURIER-TRANSFORM (FT) NMR SPECTROSCOPY

5.4 CHEMICAL SHIFT IN 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY

5.5 SPIN-SPIN COUPLING IN 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY

5.6 ANALYSIS OF 1H NMR SPECTRA

5.7 RULES FOR SPECTRAL ANALYSIS

6. 13C NMR SPECTROSCOPY

6.1 COUPLING AND DECOUPLING IN 13C NMR SPECTRA

6.2 DETERMINING 13C SIGNAL MULTIPLICITY USING DEPT

6.3 SHIELDING AND CHARACTERISTIC CHEMICAL SHIFTS IN

13C NMR SPECTRA

7 MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS

7.1 DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN NMR - THE NMR TIME-SCALE

7.2 THE EFFECT OF CHIRALITY

7.3 THE NUCLEAR OVERHAUSER EFFECT (NOE)

7.4 TWO DIMENSIONAL NMR

7.5 THE NMR SPECTRA OF "OTHER NUCLEI"

7.6 SOLVENT - INDUCED SHIFTS

8 DETERMINING THE STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC MOLECULES

FROM SPECTRA

9 PROBLEMS

9.1 ORGANIC STRUCTURES FROM SPECTRA

9.2 THE ANALYSIS OF MIXTURES

9.3 PROBLEMS IN 2-DIMENSIONAL NMR

9.4 NMR SPECTRAL ANALYSIS

APPENDIX

INDEX