CHARLES P. POOLE Jr., PhD, a professor emeritus in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of South Carolina is a member of the USC nanotechnology center.

FRANK J. OWENS, PhD, is a senior research scientist of the U.S. Army?s Armament Research, Development, and Engineering Center, and a professor of physics in the graduate school of Hunter College of the City University of New York.
Both authors are Fellows of the American Physical Society.