Guide to anatomical terminology 7

Section 1 Introduction.

1 Musculoskeletal structure and function 8

2 Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism 10

3 History and examination – an overview 12

4 Imaging 14

Section 2 The arm.

5 Anatomy of the arm 16

6 History and examination of the arm 19

7 Problems presenting in the arm 22

8 Upper arm trauma 24

9 Lower arm trauma 26

Section 3 The spine.

10 Anatomy of the spine 28

11 History and examination of the spine 30

12 Problems presenting in the spine 32

13 Trauma of the spine 34

Section 4 The leg.

14 Anatomy of the leg 36

15 History and examination of the leg 38

16 Problems presenting in the hip 40

17 Joint replacement 42

18 Problems presenting in the lower leg 44

19 Upper leg trauma 46

20 Lower leg trauma 48

Section 5 Rheumatology.

21 Rheumatological history and examination 50

22 Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis 52

23 Rheumatoid arthritis 54

24 Systemic lupus erythematosus 57

25 Ankylosing spondylitis 60

26 The spondyloarthropathies 62

27 Acute joint disease 64

28 Infection and malignancy 66

29 Fibromyalgia 68

30 Osteoporosis 70

31 Disorders of bone metabolism 72

32 Vasculitis 1: Giant cell arteritis 74

33 Vasculitis 2: Medium and small vessel vasculitis 76

34 Scleroderma 78

35 Infl ammatory muscle diseases 80

36 The medical management of infl ammatory disease 82

37 Rehabilitation 84

Section 6 Orthopaedics.

38 Orthopaedics in children 86

39 Sports medicine 88

40 Neurological disorders and orthotics 90

41 Orthopaedics in the elderly 92

Section 7 Trauma.

42 Initial management of the polytraumatised patient 94

43 Wound management 96

44 Plastic surgery 97

45 Burns 98

46 Peripheral and spinal nerve injuries 100

47 Head injuries 102

48 Fractures and dislocations 104

49 Compartment syndrome 106

Self-assessment case studies: questions 108

Self-assessment case studies: answers 110

Index 113