About the Authors.

Foreword.

Preface.

Acknowledgements.

Abbreviations.

List of Figures.

List of Tables.

1 Introduction to Femtocells (Simon Saunders).

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Why Femtocells? The Market Context.

1.3 The Nature of Mobile Broadband Demand.

1.4 What is a Femtocell?

1.5 Applications for Femtocells.

1.6 What a Femtocell is not.

1.7 The Importance of ‘Zero-Touch’.

1.8 User Benefits.

1.9 Operator Motivations and Economic Impact.

1.10 Operator Responses.

1.11 Challenges.

1.12 Chapter Overview.

2 Small Cell Background and Success Factors (Simon Saunders).

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Small Cell Motivations.

2.3 Other Small-Cell Systems.

2.4 The Small-Cell Landscape.

2.5 Emergence of the Femtocell – Critical Success Factors.

2.6 Conclusions.

3 Market Issues for Femtocells (Stuart Carlaw).

3.1 Key Benefits of a Femtocell from Market Perspective.

3.2 Key Primers.

3.3 Key Market Challenges.

3.4 Business Cases for Femtocells.

3.5 Air Interface Choices.

3.6 Product Feature Sets.

3.7 Additional Considerations.

3.8 Adoption Forecasts and Volumes.

3.9 Conclusions.

4 Radio Issues for Femtocells (Simon Saunders).

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Spectrum Scenarios.

4.3 Propagation in Femtocell Environments.

4.4 Coverage.

4.5 Downlink Interference.

4.6 Interference Challenges and Mitigations.

4.7 Femtocell-to-Femtocell Interference.

4.8 System-Level Performance.

4.9 RF Specifications in WCDMA.

4.10 Health and Safety Concerns.

4.11 Conclusions.

5 Femtocell Networks and Architectures (Andrea Giustina).

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Challenges.

5.3 Requirements.

5.4 Femto Architectures and Interfaces.

5.5 Key Architectural Choices.

5.6 Other Important Femto Solution Aspects.

5.7 UMTS Femtos.

5.8 CDMA.

5.9 WiMAX.

5.10 GSM.

5.11 LTE.

5.12 Conclusions.

6 Femtocell Management (Ravi Raj Bhat and V. Srinivasa Rao).

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Femtocell FCAPS Requirements.

6.3 Broadband Forum Auto-Configuration Architecture and Framework.

6.4 Auto-Configuration Data Organisation.

6.5 CPE WAN Management Protocol Overview.

6.6 FAP Service Data Model.

6.7 DOCSIS OSS Architecture and Framework.

6.8 Conclusions.

7 Femtocell Security (Rasa Siegberg).

7.1 Why is Security Important?

7.2 The Threat Model.

7.3 Countering the Threats.

7.4 Conclusions.

8 Femtocell Standards and Industry Groups (Simon Saunders).

8.1 The Importance of Standards.

8.2 GSM.

8.3 WCDMA.

8.4 TD-SCDMA.

8.5 LTE.

8.6 CDMA.

8.7 Mobile WiMAX.

8.8 The Femto Forum.

8.9 The Broadband Forum.

8.10 GSMA.

8.11 Conclusions.

9 Femtocell Regulation (Simon Saunders).

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Regulatory Benefits of Femtocells.

9.3 Spectrum Efficiency.

9.4 Economic Efficiency.

9.5 Enabling Competition.

9.6 Broadening Access to Services.

9.7 Enabling Innovation.

9.8 Environmental Goals.

9.9 Spectrum Licensing Issues.

9.10 Location.

9.11 Authentication.

9.12 Emergency Calls.

9.13 Lawful Interception and Local IP Access.

9.14 Backhaul Challenges.

9.15 Mobile Termination Rates.

9.16 Competition Concerns.

9.17 Equipment Approvals.

9.18 Examples of Femtocell Regulations.

9.19 Conclusions.

10 Femtocell Implementation Considerations (Simon Saunders).

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Signal Processing.

10.3 Location.

10.4 Frequency and Timing Control.

10.5 Protocol Implementation.

10.6 RF Implementation.

10.7 System Design and Cost.

10.8 Mobile Device Challenges and Opportunities.

10.9 Conclusions.

11 Business and Service Options for Femtocells (Simon Saunders and Stuart Carlaw).

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 Ways of being a Femtocell Operator.

11.3 Femtocells for Fixed-Line Operators.

11.4 Types of Femtocell Service.

11.5 Service Examples.

11.6 Service Enablers.

11.7 Stages of Femtocell Service Introduction.

11.8 Conclusions.

12 Summary: The Status and Future of Femtocells (Simon Saunders).

12.1 Summary.

12.2 Potential Future Femtocell Landscape.

12.3 Concluding Remarks.

References.

Further Reading.

Appendix: A Brief Guide to Units and Spectrum.

Index.