1 General introduction.

1.1 Revision of molecular genetics.

1.2 The tools of molecular biology.

1.3 Specifics of the genome programmes.

1.4 The species analysed.

2 Linkage maps.

2.1. Tools and methods in genetic mapping.

2.2 The development of genetic maps.

2.3 Radiation hybrid maps.

2.4 Conclusion.

3 Physical maps.

3.1 Local maps or small genomes.

3.2 Strategies for physical mapping of the human genome.

3.3 Maps of the human genome.

3.4 Conclusion.

4 Genome sequencing .

4.1 Strategic choices.

4.2 Prokaryotic genomes.

4.3 Genomes of model eukaryotes.

4.4 The human genome. & lt;div>

4.5 Conclusion.

5 Sequencing cDNA and the transcriptome.

5.1 Strategies of cDNA sequencing.

5.2 The economic stakes.

5.3 The analysis of cDNA sequences.

5.4 The transcriptome.

5.5 Conclusion.

6 The proteome.

6.1 Basic techniques.

6.2 Transgenesis .

6.3 Mutagenesis.

6.4 Two-dimensional electrophoresis and identification of proteins.

6.5 Identification of protein interactions by twin hybrids.

6.6 Chip technology.

6.7 Analysis of three-dimensional structure.

6.8 Conclusions.

7 Identification of genes responsible for disease.

7.1 Genetic diseases.

7.2 Functional cloning and chromosomal anomalies.

7.3 Strategy for positional cloning.

7.4 What is the future for the cloning of disease-causing genes?

7.5 Conclusion.

General conclusion.

Bibliography.