The Population of Europe

Part I: Numbers:.

1. Factors of constraint and factors of choice.

2. A millenium of demographic development.

3. Slow change in old regime societies.

4. Interpretive choices.

Part II: Space:.

5. Geography and environment.

6. The conquest of space before the Black Death.

7. Again eastward and southward.

8. Settlement intensification and land reclamation.

9. Consolidation.

Part III: Food:.

10. Population and nutrition.

11. Nutrition, infection, and mortality.

12. Bread and its accompaniments.

13. Famine and hunger.

14. Long-term nutrition and mortality.

15. Paradoxes and reality.

Part IV: Microbes and Disease:.

16. Lives on the brink.

17. A world in motion.

18. The plague: a four-handed game.

19. The final match.

20. Demographic losses.

21. Other factors and the road to normalcy.

Part V: Systems: .

22. Demographic systems.

23. England, France, and Germany.

24. Marriage.

25. Fertility.

26. More on infant mortality.

27. Migration.

28. Equilibrium and transformations.

Part VI: The Great Transformation (1800-1914):.

29. A frame of reference.

30. Demographic expansion: numbers and interpretations.

31. Two months per year: increasing life expectancy.

32. Infant mortality.

33. The advent of birth control.

34. Outside of Europe.

Part VII: The End of a Cycle:.

35. Demography in the twentieth century: mortality and fertility.

36. Demography in the twentieth century: migration, structures, models.

37. Politics.

38. Economics.

39. Values.

Index.