•     3 new studies based on national, international, and state/local surveys – the UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, California Health Interview Survey, and National Dental Malpractice Survey as examples – each example was chosen to illustrate different sample designs (area probability, random digital dialing, and list sampling, modes of data collection (in-person, telephone, and self administered surveys), and topics (health status, healthcare access and utilization, health and health care disparities, healthcare provider attitudes and behavior.