Acknowledgments xi

1. Science and Knowledge 1

2. Causality and the Three Pillars of Aristotelian Science 11

3. Scientific Knowledge 35

4. Cells and Factories 59

5. Translational Science 85

6. Stochastic Validation: Classifi ers 97

7. Stochastic Validation: Networks 129

8. Sola Fides 147

9. Model-based Experimentation in Biology 169

References 189

Index 197

IEEE Press Series on Biomedical Engineering 203