Pediatric Non-Clinical Drug Testing: Principles, Requirements, and Practice

Acknowledgments xi

Contributors xiii

1. Introduction 1
Elise M. Lewis, Luc M. De Schaepdrijver, and Timothy P. Coogan

2. Overview of Pediatric Diseases and Clinical Considerations on Developing Medicines for Children 29
Bert Suys and Jose Ramet

3. Nonclinical Safety Assessment for Biopharmaceuticals: Challenges and Strategies for Juvenile Animal Testing 41
Timothy P. Coogan

4. FDA Approach to Pediatric Testing 59
Robert E. Osterberg

5. Pediatric Drug Development Plans 79
Kimberly C. Brannen and Beatriz Silva Lima

6. Application of Principles of Nonclinical Pediatric Drug Testing to the Hazard Evaluation of Environmental Contaminants 93
Susan L. Makris

7. Nonclinical Testing Procedures—Pharmacokinetics 115
Loeckie L. de Zwart, Johan G. Monbaliu, and Pieter P. Annaert

8. Preclinical Development of a Pharmaceutical Product for Children 129
Graham P. Bailey, Timothy P. Coogan, and Luc M. De Schaepdrijver

9. Juvenile Toxicity Study Design for the Rodent and Rabbit 141
Alan M. Hoberman and John F. Barnett

10. Dog Juvenile Toxicity 183
Keith Robinson, Susan Y. Smith, and Andre Viau

11. Use of the Swine Pediatric Model 213
Paul C. Barrow

12. Juvenile Immunodevelopment in Minipigs 231
Andr´e H. Penninks, Geertje J.D. van Mierlo, Frieke Kuper, Cor J. Snel, Niels-Christian Ganderup, and Andr´e P.M. Wolterbeek

13. Use of Primate Pediatric Model 255
Gerhard F. Weinbauer, Gary J. Chellman, Allan Dahl Rasmussen and Elvira Vogelwedde

14. Approaches to Rat Juvenile Toxicity Studies and Case Studies: a Pharmaceutical Perspective 281
Susan B. Laffan and Lorraine Posobiec

Appendix 1 Maturation of Organ Systems in Various Species 301

Appendix 2 Sample Juvenile Toxicity Testing Protocol 303

Index 331