Acknowledgments

Introduction

Part I: Inquiry

1. Justification

1. Beliefs

2. Access to Truth

3. Cogito Ergo Sum

4. Mathematical Certainty

5. Classical Logic

6. C. I. Lewis’ Empiricism

7. Access as a Metaphor

8. J. F. Fries and K. Popper

9. Voluntarism and Linearity

10. One-Way Justification

11. Beginning in the Middle

12. Justification, Contextual and Comparative

13. Justification in the Empirical Sciences

14. Circularity versus Linearity

15. Democratic Controls

16. Interactionism

2. Truth

1. Allergy to Absolute Truth

2. Provisionality and Truth

3. Truth versus Verification

4. Truth and Fixity

5. Transparency, Tarski, and Carnap

6. Truth and Certainty

7. Sentences as Truth Candidates

8. Theoretical Terms

9. Varieties of Instrumentalism

10. Pragmatism and Instrumentalism

11. Systems, Simplicity, Reduction

12. Crises in Science

13. Reduction and Expansion

3. Worlds

1. Philosophies of Truth

2. Operationism and Truth

3. Version-Dependence

4. Differences among Scientifically Oriented Philosophers

5. Monism, Pluralism, Plurealism

6. Realism versus Irrealism

7. A Theory of Everything

8. The Status of Ethics

9. Emotive Theories; Ayer and Stevenson

10. Moore’s Ethical Intuitionism

11. Dewey and Ethical Naturalism

12. Symbol, Reference, and Ritual

Part II: Related Pragmatic Themes

4. Belief and Method

Introduction

1. Problems of Pragmatism and Pragmatic Responses

2. Peirce’s Theory of Belief, Doubt, and Inquiry

3. Peirce’s Comparison of Methods

4. Difficulties in Peirce’s Treatment

5. An Epistemological Interpretation

6. The Primacy of Method

5. Action and Commitment

6. Emotion and Cognition

1. Emotions in the Service of Cognition

2. Cognitive Emotions

Index