List of Boxes xi

Research in the Spotlight xiv

Companion Website xvi

Acknowledgments xvii

1. Introduction 1

2. Language and Society 10

3. Place 25

4. Social Status 47

5. Time 60

6. Ethnicity 75

7. Gender and Identity 85

8. Style 104

9. Interaction 116

10. Multilingualism 127

11. Language Contact 136

12. Attitudes and Ideologies 148

13. Language as a Social Entity 161

14. Education 175

15. What is Sociolinguistics? 188

Glossary 197

Bibliography 213

Index 229