This book provides a comprehensive insight into the operation of the main microelectronic devices in silicon integrated circuits. It covers the physics of semiconductor materials, linking their basic properties to those of devices. The field effect transistor, a major component of modern integrated circuits, is given comprehensive coverage, including updated characteristics and future prospects. SOI technology is also outlined, due to the important advantages resulting from this material for some applications and products. The bipolar junction transistor, also a useful device, especially for analog and RF functions, is described at ideal and real levels, along with a presentation of state-of-the-art technologies. The book concludes by discussing non-volatile solid-state memories, now currently embedded in many products, charge storage-based structures and emerging memory devices.