Contents

Chapter 4

Probability Long-Run Empirical Probability Demo use with section: 4.1 Permutations and Combinations Calculator use with sections: 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 Applet 4. Demonstration of Long-Run Empirical Probability The applet simulates tossing a coin a specified number of times. The cumulative proportion of heads out of all throws is plotted on a graph as the number of trials increase, illustrating the tendency to approach a limit. The user can introduce a bias into the coin so that probabilities other than 0.5 can be simulated. Applet 5. Permutation and Combination Calculator This applet calculates n!, nPr, and nCr.